Kontribusi Parent-Child Attachment terhadap Regulasi Emosi, Harga Diri, Konformitas dan Resiliensi Siswa

Alif Muarifah; Mufied Fauziah; Wahyu Nanda Eka Saputra

doi:10.17977/um001v5i22020p063

Kontribusi Parent-Child Attachment terhadap Regulasi Emosi, Harga Diri, Konformitas dan Resiliensi Siswa

Alif Muarifah, Mufied Fauziah, Wahyu Nanda Eka Saputra

Abstract

Abstract: This study aims to determine the contribution of parent-child attachment on emotion regulation, self-esteem, conformity and student resilience of students. To achieve the goal, the study applied a causal relationship study design. 153 subjects were chosen randomly from public junior high schools in Yogyakarta. The research data were collected using Attachment Scale, Emotion Regulation Scale, Self-Esteem Scale, Conformity Scale and Resilience Scale which had been tested for their validity and reliability. To analyze the data, this study used simple linear regression analysis. The findings showed that attachment has a significant contribution to emotion regulation, self-esteem, conformity and resilience with beta coeficient of 0.691, 0.816, 0.687 and 0.232.

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kontribusi parent-child attachment terhadap regulasi emosi, harga diri, konformitas dan resiliensi siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan causal relationship study. Seratus lima puluh tiga sampel diperoleh secara acak dari SMP Negeri se-Kota Yogyakarta. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan Skala Attachment, Skala Regulasi Emosi, Skala Harga Diri, Skala Konformitas dan Skala Resiliensi yang telah teruji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Regresi sederhana kemudian digunakan untuk menganalisis data tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa attachment memiliki kontribusi yang signifikan terhadap regulasi emosi, harga diri, konformitas dan resiliensi dengan koefisien beta sebesar 0,691, 0,816, 0,687 dan 0,232.

Keywords

parent-child attachment; emotion regulation; self-esteem; conformity; resilience; regulasi emosi; harga diri; konformitas; resiliensi

Full Text:

PDF

References

Abar, C. C., Jackson, K. M., Colby, S. M., & Barnett, N. P. (2015). Parent–child discrepancies in reports of parental monitoring and their relationship to adolescent alcohol-related behaviors. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 44(9), 1688–1701.

Ainsworth, M. D. S. (1989). Attachments beyond infancy. American psychologist, 44: 709-716

Akbari, Z., VaFaye, T., & Khosravi, S. (2010). Evaluation of relationship between attachment styles and resiliency of war victims. Medicine Janbaz, 3(10), 12–17.

Bandura, A. (1997) Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Bauminger, N., Finzi-Dottan, R., Chason, S., & Har-Even, D. (2008). Intimacy in adolescent friendship: The roles of attachment, coherence, and self-disclosure. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 25(3), 409–428.

Bowlby, J. (2008). A secure base: Parent-child attachment and healthy human development. Basic books.

Brennan, P. A., Le Brocque, R., & Hammen, C. (2003). Maternal depression, parent–child relationships, and resilient outcomes in adolescence. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 42(12), 1469–1477.

Brumariu, L. E. (2015). Parent–child attachment and emotion regulation. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 2015(148), 31–45.

Calkins, S. D., & Hill, A. (2007). Caregiver influences on emerging emotion regulation. Handbook of Emotion Regulation, 229248.

Capuzzi, D., & Stauffer, M. D. (2016). Counseling and psychotherapy: Theories and interventions. John Wiley & Sons.

Cetin, B. (2015). Academic motivation and self-regulated learning in predicting academic achievement in college. Journal of International Education Research, 11(2), 95–106.

Chen, J. J. L. (2005). Relation of academic support from parents, teachers, and peers to Hong Kong adolescents’ academic achievement: The mediating role of academic engagement. Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs, 131(2), 77–127.

Coleman, J. C., Coleman, J., & Hagell, A. (2007). Adolescence, risk and resilience: Against the odds (Vol. 3). John Wiley & Sons.

Conway, A. M. (2005). Girls, aggression, and emotion regulation. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 75(2), 334–339.

Corey, G. (2015). Theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy. Nelson Education.

Crosnoe, R., & Elder Jr, G. H. (2004). Family dynamics, supportive relationships, and educational resilience during adolescence. Journal of Family Issues, 25(5), 571–602.

Cutrona, C. E., Cole, V., Colangelo, N., Assouline, S. G., & Russell, D. W. (1994). Perceived parental social support and academic achievement: An attachment theory perspective. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66(2), 369.

Emmanuelle, V. (2009). Inter-relationships among attachment to mother and father, self-esteem, and career indecision. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 75(2), 91–99.

Greenberg, M. T., Speltz, M. L. & DeKlyen, M. (1993) The role of attachment in the early development of disruption behavior problems. Development and Psychopatology, 5: 191-213

Gross, J. J., & Thompson, R. A. (2007). Emotion regulation: Conceptual foundations.

Hagerty, M. R. (1999). Testing Maslow’s hierarchy of needs: National quality-of-life across time. Social Indicators Research, 46(3), 249–271.

Hashemi, Z., & Jowkar, B. (2013). A causal modeling of emotional resilience: Parent and peer attachment, cognitive emotion regulation and coping strategies. Quarterly Journal of Psychological Studies, 9(1), 9–38.

Helmsen, J., Koglin, U., & Petermann, F. (2012). Emotion regulation and aggressive behavior in preschoolers: The mediating role of social information processing. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 43(1), 87–101.

Hirschi, T. (2017). Causes of delinquency. Routledge.

Huitt, W. (2007). Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Educational Psychology Interactive, 23.

Jacobs, N., & Harvey, D. (2005). Do parents make a difference to children’s academic achievement? Differences between parents of higher and lower achieving students. Educational Studies, 31(4), 431–448.

Kenrick, D. T., & Krems, J. A. (2018). Well-being, self-actualization, and fundamental motives: An evolutionary perspective. In E. Diener, S. Oishi, & L. Tay (Eds). e-Handbook of Subjective Well-Being. NobaScholar.

Kerpelman, J. L., McElwain, A. D., Pittman, J. F., & Adler-Baeder, F. M. (2016). Engagement in risky sexual behavior: Adolescents’ perceptions of self and the parent–child relationship matter. Youth & Society, 48(1), 101–125.

Khalaila, R. (2015). The relationship between academic self-concept, intrinsic motivation, test anxiety, and academic achievement among nursing students: Mediating and moderating effects. Nurse Education Today, 35(3), 432–438.

Kristjansson, A. L., & Sigfúsdóttir, I. D. (2009). The role of parental support, parental monitoring, and time spent with parents in adolescent academic achievement in Iceland: A structural model of gender differences. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 53(5), 481–496.

Li, M. H. (2008). Relationships among stress coping, secure attachment, and the trait of resilience among Taiwanese college students. College Student Journal, 42(2), 312-325.

Lieberman, A. F., Ippen, C. G., & Dimmler, M. H. (2018). Child-parent psychotherapy. Assessing and Treating Youth Exposed to Traumatic Stress, 223.

Martin, A. J., & Steinbeck, K. (2017). The role of puberty in students’ academic motivation and achievement. Learning and Individual Differences, 53, 37–46.

Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50, 370-396.

Maslow, A., & Lewis, K. J. (1987). Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Salenger Incorporated, 14, 987.

McAllister, M., & McKinnon, J. (2009). The importance of teaching and learning resilience in the health disciplines: A critical review of the literature. Nurse Education Today, 29(4), 371–379.

McCormick, C. B., & Kennedy, J. H. (1994). Parent-child attachment working models and self-esteem in adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 23(1), 1–18.

McLeod, S. (2007). Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Simply Psychology, 1.

Ogilvie, C. A., Newman, E., Todd, L., & Peck, D. (2014). Attachment & violent offending: A meta-analysis. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 19(4), 322–339.

Ooi, Y. P., Ang, R. P., Fung, D. S., Wong, G., & Cai, Y. (2006). The impact of parent–child attachment on aggression, social stress and self-esteem. School Psychology International, 27(5), 552–566.

Papini, D. R., & Roggman, L. A. (1992). Adolescent perceived attachment to parents in relation to competence, depression, and anxiety: A longitudinal study. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 12(4), 420–440.

Peng, L., Zhang, J., Li, M., Li, P., Zhang, Y., Zuo, X., … Xu, Y. (2012). Negative life events and mental health of Chinese medical students: The effect of resilience, personality and social support. Psychiatry Research, 196(1), 138–141.

Roberton, T., Daffern, M., & Bucks, R. S. (2012). Emotion regulation and aggression. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 17(1), 72–82.

Röll, J., Koglin, U., & Petermann, F. (2012). Emotion regulation and childhood aggression: Longitudinal associations. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 43(6), 909–923.

Sagone, E., & De Caroli, M. E. (2014). A correlational study on dispositional resilience, psychological well-being, and coping strategies in university students. American Journal of Educational Research, 2(7), 463–471.

Sommers-Flanagan, J., & Sommers-Flanagan, R. (2018). Counseling and psychotherapy theories in context and practice: Skills, strategies, and techniques. John Wiley & Sons.

Stafford, M., Kuh, D. L., Gale, C. R., Mishra, G., & Richards, M. (2016). Parent–child relationships and offspring’s positive mental wellbeing from adolescence to early older age. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 11(3), 326–337.

Tafarodi, R. W., & Swann Jr, W. B. (2001). Two-dimensional self-esteem: Theory and measurement. Personality and Individual Differences, 31(5), 653–673.

Thompson, R. A. (2008). Measure twice, cut once: Attachment theory and the NICHD study of early child care and youth development. Attachment & Human Development, 10(3), 287–297.

Wentzel, K. R. (2017). Peer relationships, motivation, and academic performance at school.

Zeifman,D., & Hazan, C. (2008). Pair bonds as attachment: Reevaluating the evidence. In J.Cassidy & P.R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications (2nd ed., pp. 436-354). New York, NY: Guilford Press.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um001v5i22020p063