Mengurangkan Tingkah Laku Mengganggu Murid Autistik Semasa Menyiapkan Tugasan dengan Teknik Peneguhan Bukan Kontigensi
Abstract
Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan penggunaan teknik peneguhan bukan kontigensi untuk mengurangkan tingkah laku mengganggu murid semasa menyiapkan tugasan. Kajian ini melibatkan seorang murid Autistik yang dipilih secara bertujuan dan tingkah laku bermasalah telah dikenal pasti oleh pengkaji. Reka bentuk kajian ialah ‘single-subject design’ (A-B-A) yang dijalankan selama enam minggu berturut-turut, melibatkan fasa baseline (A), fasa intervensi (B) dan fasa tanpa intervensi (A). Pengkaji telah menggunakan teknik peneguhan bukan kontigensi melalui kaedah ‘escape break’ iaitu memberikan murid melakukan aktiviti yang disukai selama 3 minit dan disusuli dengan 2 minit waktu menyiapkan tugasan. Kaedah intervensi ini dijalankan semasa aktiviti menyiapkan latihan tugasan dalam proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Data telah direkodkan secara pemerhatian dan rakaman video. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan terdapat pengurangan tingkah laku mengganggu dan daya tumpuan murid meningkat semasa intervensi dijalankan
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