Implementasi Layanan Bimbingan dan Konseling dalam Kurikulum Merdeka: Perspektif Manajemen Pendidikan di Sekolah Menengah

Muhammad Arsyad, Ahmad Suriansyah, Sulistiyana Sulistiyana

Abstract


Abstract: Guidance and counseling services in schools have a strategic role in supporting the implementation of the Independent Curriculum which emphasizes flexible, student-centered learning, and focuses on character development and mental health of students. However, in practice, the implementation of these services still faces various challenges that hinder the optimization of the role of guidance and counseling teachers in educational units. This study aims to explore the role of guidance and counseling in fostering students’ character, mental well-being, and potential within the framework of the Independent Curriculum. Using a qualitative descriptive approach and literature review method, the study draws on secondary sources such as policy documents, academic journals, and reports from professional organizations. The findings show that implementation remains constrained by issues including an imbalanced counselor-to-student ratio, stigma against counseling, inadequate training, limited facilities, and low technological integration. Furthermore, the role of guidance counselors is not yet fully embedded in project-based learning and the development of the Pancasila Student Profile. The study concludes that adopting an open systems approach in school management, advancing supportive policy reforms, and improving counselor professionalism are essential steps. These efforts will enable guidance and counseling services to become a foundational element in delivering holistic, empowering, and student-centered education.
Keywords: Guidance and Counseling; Independent Curriculum; Student Mental Health; Educational Management

Abstrak: Layanan bimbingan dan konseling di sekolah memiliki peran strategis dalam mendukung pelaksanaan Kurikulum Merdeka yang menekankan pembelajaran yang fleksibel, berpusat pada siswa, dan berorientasi pada pengembangan karakter serta kesehatan mental peserta didik. Namun, dalam praktiknya, implementasi layanan tersebut masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan yang menghambat optimalisasi peran guru bimbingan dan konseling di satuan pendidikan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi peran layanan bimbingan dan konseling dalam membina karakter, kesehatan mental, dan pengembangan potensi peserta didik di bawah kebijakan Kurikulum Merdeka. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode studi literatur yang memanfaatkan sumber-sumber sekunder seperti dokumen kebijakan, jurnal ilmiah, dan laporan organisasi profesi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi layanan bimbingan dan konseling masih menghadapi hambatan signifikan, antara lain rasio guru dan siswa yang tidak ideal, stigma terhadap konseling, minimnya pelatihan, keterbatasan fasilitas, serta rendahnya pemanfaatan teknologi. Peran guru bimbingan dan konseling juga belum terintegrasi secara menyeluruh dalam pelaksanaan kurikulum berbasis proyek dan penguatan profil pelajar Pancasila. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menekankan perlunya pendekatan sistem terbuka dalam organisasi sekolah, reformasi kebijakan yang mendukung, dan peningkatan profesionalisme guru bimbingan dan konseling agar layanan ini mampu menjadi pilar utama dalam mewujudkan pendidikan yang memerdekakan dan menyejahterakan siswa secara menyeluruh.
Kata kunci: Bimbingan dan Konseling; Kurikulum Merdeka; Kesehatan Mental Siswa; Manajemen Pendidikan

Full Text:

PDF

References


Adelman, H. S., & Taylor, L. (2006). The school leader’s guide to student learning supports: New directions for addressing barriers to learning. Corwin Press.

Adelman, H. S., & Taylor, L. (2010). Mental health in schools: Engaging learners, preventing problems, and improving schools. Corwin Press.

Amalianingsih, R., & Herdi, H. (2021). Studi literatur: faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam penyelenggaraan program bimbingan dan konseling di sekolah menengah kejuruan. Jurnal Bimbingan Dan Konseling Terapan, 5(1), 50–56.

Azzahra, S. N., & Nurmawati, N. (2025). Persepsi Siswa terhadap Guru Bimbingan dan Konseling dalam Pelaksanaan Layanan Konseling Individu di MAN 6 Jakarta. SENTRI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, 4(7), 639–655. https://doi.org/10.55681/sentri.v4i7.4274

Borders, L. D., & Drury, S. M. (1992). Comprehensive school counseling programs: A review for policymakers and practitioners. Journal of Counseling & Development, 70(4), 487–498.

Bush, T. (2020). Theories of educational leadership and management.

Cahyono, T. (2022). Management of Guidance and Counseling Services in The Merdeka Belajar Curriculum. Bisma The Journal of Counseling, 6(2), 265–275. https://doi.org/10.23887/bisma.v6i2.51934

Clemens, E. V, Milsom, A., & Cashwell, C. S. (2009). Using leader-member exchange theory to examine principal–school counselor relationships, school counselors’ roles, job satisfaction, and turnover intentions. Professional School Counseling, 13(2), 2156759X0901300203.

Dean, J. (1993). Managing the secondary school. Routledge.

Faridah, A., Purwadi, E., & Saputra, W. (2025). Penerapan Peer Support Kolaboratif Dalam Bimbingan Konseling Untuk Mereduksi Bullying Di Sekolah. JURNAL MANAJEMEN, 6(2), 1634–1645.

Farozin dalam Tempo.com. (2023). Indonesia Kekurangan 242 Ribu Guru BK, Rasio Saat ini 1:570. https://www.tempo.co/politik/indonesia-kekurangan-242-ribu-guru-bk-rasio-saat-ini-1-570-123096

Fauziah, F., Firman, F., & Ahmad, R. (2022). Peran guru bimbingan dan konseling dalam implementasi kurikulum merdeka belajar. Jurnal Penelitian, Pemikiran Dan Pengabdian, 10(2).

Finkelstein, D. , Loeb, D. , & Feit, T. (2010). Collaborative principal-school counselor relationships and their impact on school counseling programs. Professional School Counseling, 14(1), 1–9.

Glover, D., & Levačić, R. (2020). Educational resource management: An international perspective. UCL Press.

Green, H. (1994). The school management handbook. Kogan Page.

Hallinger, P. (2011). Leadership for learning: Lessons from 40 years of empirical research. Journal of Educational Administration, 49(2), 125–142.

Hayati, L. M. (2022). Paradigma Guru Bimbingan Konseling Pada Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar. JPGI (Jurnal Penelitian Guru Indonesia), 7(1), 158–161.

Hidayah, F. , Ramadhana, maulana R. , Mutiara, T., & Purnamasari, N. (2022). Panduan Implementasi Bimbingan dan Konseling Untuk Jenjang Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah. Badan Standar, Kurikulum, Dan Asesmen Pendidikan Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, Dan Teknologi Republik Indonesia.

Hoy, H. K. , & Miskel, C. G. (2013). Educational administration: Theory, research, and practice (8th ed.). McGraw-Hill.

Katz, D., & Kahn, R. (1967). The social psychology of organizations. In Organizational behavior 2 (pp. 152–168). Routledge.

Kepmendikbudristek. (2022). Kepmendikbudristek nomor 262 tentang Perubahan 56 Pemulihan Pembelajaran Kurikulum Merdeka.

Komisi Perlindungan Anak Indonesia (KPAI). (2023). Catatan pengawasan perlindungan anak di masa transisi pandemi: Pengasuhan positif, anak Indonesia terbebas dari kekerasan. https://www.kpai.go.id/publikasi/catatan-pengawasan-perlindungan-anak-di-masa-transisi-pandemi-pengasuhan-positif-anak-indonesia-terbebas-dari-kekerasan

Leithwood, K., Harris, A., & Hopkins, D. (2020). Seven strong claims about successful school leadership revisited. School Leadership & Management, 40(1), 5–22.

Mason, E. C. , & McMahon, H. G. (2009). Principals’ preparation to support school counselors. Journal of School Leadership, 19(4), 451–478.

Mulawarman, M., Antika, E. R., Hariyadi, S., Sugiharto, D. Y. P., Mulyawati, V., Wibowo, A. E., & Aisyah, I. (2021). Keterampilan E-Counseling Bagi Konselor Pendidikan Dalam Meningkatkan Layanan Bimbingan Konseling Di Sekolah Pada Era Digital 5.0. QUANTA: Kajian Bimbingan Dan Konseling Dalam Pendidikan, 5(2), 67–78.

Nursalim, M. (2020). Peran Guru BK/Konselor Dalam Mensukseskan Program Merdeka Belajar. PD Abkin Jatim Open Journal System, 1(2), 11–18.

Offando, O., Firman, F., & Sidik, M. S. B. M. (2023). The Role of Guidance and Counseling Teachers in the Implementation of Independent Curriculum in Indonesia. Widyagogik: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Sekolah Dasar, 11(1), 142–151.

Purwanti, R., Suriansyah, A., Bachri, A. A., & Mujiyat, M. (2025). Case study: Values and beliefs of excellence-based quality leadership in a junior high school. 2nd International Conference on Environmental Learning Educational Technologies (ICELET 2024), 155–165.

Rokhyani, E. (2023). Penguatan Implementasi Peran Guru Bk/Konselor Dalam Program Kurikulum Merdeka. Pd Abkin Jatim Open Journal System, 3(2), 13–22.

Sabillah, D. S., & Maulana, F. (2024a). TANTANGAN GURU BIMBINGAN KONSELING PADA KURIKULUM MERDEKA. Cemara Education and Science, 2(3).

Sabillah, D. S., & Maulana, F. (2024b). TANTANGAN GURU BIMBINGAN KONSELING PADA KURIKULUM MERDEKA. Cemara Education and Science, 2(3).

Sallis, E. (2014). Total quality management in education. Routledge.

Sergiovanni, T. J. (1987). The principalship: A reflective practice perspective. ERIC.

Sink, C. A., & Stroh, H. R. (2003). Raising achievement test scores of early elementary school students through comprehensive school counseling programs. Professional School Counseling, 6(5), 350–364.

Ujam Jaenudin. (2024). Strengthening Guidance and Counseling Management in Improving Student Well-Being and Quality of Educational Services. Shibyan: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, 2(1), 62–76. https://doi.org/10.30999/shibyan.v2i1.3823


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Administrasi dan Manajemen Pendidikan

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

View My Stats

 

 

  

 


This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.