Reputasi Sekolah dalam Perubahan Pendidikan: Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis tentang Strategi dan Tantangan

Nur Aisyah Jamil; Rahmania Utari

Reputasi Sekolah dalam Perubahan Pendidikan: Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis tentang Strategi dan Tantangan

Nur Aisyah Jamil, Rahmania Utari

Abstract

Abstract: Rapid educational changes driven by globalization, digital transformation, and policy reforms have intensified challenges for schools in maintaining public trust and institutional legitimacy. In this context, school reputation has emerged as a strategic asset that reflects a school’s capacity to adapt to educational change. This study aims to systematically review the existing literature on school reputation by identifying key challenges and strategies for sustaining reputation amid contemporary educational transformation. Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, this study followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Literature searches were conducted across Scopus, ERIC, and Google Scholar databases, covering publications from 2014 to 2025. From an initial pool of 193 articles, seven empirical studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed using thematic synthesis. The findings reveal that school reputation is influenced by both internal and external factors, including leadership adaptability, quality management systems, digital readiness, policy pressures, and stakeholder expectations. Effective strategies for maintaining school reputation include adaptive and collaborative leadership, consistent school branding, pedagogical innovation, and transparent communication with stakeholders. This study concludes that school reputation should be integrated into educational change management as an adaptive strategic asset rather than treated merely as institutional image. The study contributes to educational management literature by providing a systematic synthesis that links school reputation with educational change, offering a conceptual foundation for future empirical research and practical school leadership strategies.
Keywords: educational change; school leadership; school reputation; systematic literature review; stakeholder trust

Abstrak: Perubahan pendidikan yang cepat akibat globalisasi, transformasi digital, dan reformasi kebijakan telah meningkatkan tantangan bagi sekolah dalam menjaga kepercayaan publik dan legitimasi kelembagaan. Dalam konteks ini, reputasi sekolah muncul sebagai aset strategis yang mencerminkan kemampuan sekolah untuk beradaptasi terhadap perubahan pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau secara sistematis literatur yang ada mengenai reputasi sekolah dengan mengidentifikasi tantangan utama serta strategi dalam mempertahankan reputasi di tengah transformasi pendidikan kontemporer. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan mengikuti pedoman PRISMA 2020. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan melalui basis data Scopus, ERIC, dan Google Scholar terhadap publikasi yang terbit pada periode 2014–2025. Dari total awal 193 artikel, sebanyak tujuh studi empiris memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dianalisis menggunakan sintesis tematik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa reputasi sekolah dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal dan eksternal, termasuk kemampuan adaptasi kepemimpinan, sistem manajemen mutu, kesiapan digital, tekanan kebijakan, serta ekspektasi para pemangku kepentingan. Strategi efektif dalam mempertahankan reputasi sekolah meliputi kepemimpinan yang adaptif dan kolaboratif, konsistensi branding sekolah, inovasi pedagogik, serta komunikasi yang transparan dengan pemangku kepentingan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa reputasi sekolah perlu diintegrasikan ke dalam manajemen perubahan pendidikan sebagai aset strategis yang adaptif, bukan sekadar dipandang sebagai citra kelembagaan. Studi ini berkontribusi pada khazanah literatur manajemen pendidikan dengan menyajikan sintesis sistematis yang mengaitkan reputasi sekolah dengan perubahan pendidikan, serta memberikan landasan konseptual bagi penelitian empiris selanjutnya dan strategi praktis kepemimpinan sekolah.
Kata kunci: perubahan pendidikan; kepemimpinan sekolah; reputasi sekolah; tinjauan literatur sistematis; kepercayaan pemangku kepentingan

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