Akomodasi komunikasi pada percakapan antar anggota keluarga multilingual

Ketut Santi Indriani

Abstract


Unication accommodation among multilingual family

Humans interact through communication. In conversations, they tend to practice communication accommodation, where utterances are adjusted among interlocutors. One of humans’ first social interactions is with their family. In a multilingual family, communication accommodation often takes place. The aim of this study is to determine the forms of communication accommodation that occur in conversations between multilingual family members and to determine the factors that motivate their emergence. The data in this study are in the forms of oral conversations between multilingual family members. They were collected using observation method where in some parts the researcher was involved and not involved in the conversations. Data were also collected through basic tapping technique, complemented with note-taking technique. They were then analyzed quantitatively and analytical results were presented formally. The results showed that convergent and divergent communication accommodation process occurred in conversations between multilingual family members. In general, convergent accommodation is more common as compared to divergent accommodation. Different communication accom­modations were revealed when they are discussed from the perspective of completeness and direction of the accommodation. In addition, they are driven by different factors. 

Keywords: communication accommodation, conversation, multilingual

Akomodasi komunikasi pada percakapan antar anggota keluarga multilingual

Manusia berinteraksi melalui komunikasi dan cenderung untuk mengadakan penyesuaian dengan lawan tuturnya. Peristiwa ini dikenal dengan istilah akomodasi komunikasi. Interaksi yang paling awal dilakukan oleh seseorang pada umumnya dimulai dari lingkungan keluarga. Dalam sebuah keluarga yang multilingual, peluang munculnya akomodasi komunikasi sangatlah besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk-bentuk akomodasi komunikasi yang terjadi dalam percakapan antar anggota keluarga yang multilingual serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mendorong munculnya akomodasi komunikasi tersebut. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa data percakapan antaranggota keluarga yang multilingual. Pengumpulan data diakukan dengan metode observasi libat cakap dan bebas libat cakap dengan menggunakan teknik dasar sadap kemudian dilanjutkan dengan menerapkan teknik catat. Data dalam penelitian ini dianalisis secara kuantitatif dan hasil analisis disajikan secara formal. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, ditemukan bahwa terdapat proses akomodasi komunikasi yang terjadi dalam percakapan antar anggota keluarga yang multilingual. Akomodasi tersebut bersifat konvergensi maupun divergensi. Secara keseluruhan, akomodasi yang bersifat konvergen lebih sering terjadi jika dibandingkan dengan akomodasi yang bersifat divergen. Akomodasi komunikasi yang terjadi berbeda-beda ditinjau dari segi kelengkapan dan arah akomodasi dengan faktor pendorong yang berbeda-beda pula.

Kata kunci: akomodasi komunikasi, percakapan, multilingual



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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um015v49i12021p40

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