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Gouw Peng Liang's Lo Fen Koei text (1903) as a cultural practice of the Chinese peranakan community: A new historicism study
Abstract
Lo Fen Koei text (1903) by Gouw Peng Liang has been neglected in the history of Indonesian literature due to the numerous discourses on power and social, political, and ideological issues that flourished at the time. The objective of this study is to discover about the text's active response to social, political, and other discourses that exist outside of its existence. The issues addressed in this study are (1) the historical context and author's stance, (2) the meaning of Lo Fen Koei's (1903) text, and (3) the texts and discourse around Lo Fen Koei's (1903) text. The study uses a New Historicism persfective. The Loe Fen Koei text (1903) as a material object and the text's cultural practices as a formal object are the objects of this study. The study data include contents and ideas of Lo Fen Koei text (1903), the social setting in which the text is situated, non-literary texts that are present at the same time, and diverse information related to the topic. Data interpretation techniques were used to prove the paratext corresponding to the Lo Fen Koei text (1903) by following procedures presented in New Historicism studies such as reading the meaning of the text, linking the meaning of the text or the presence of the text with the social situation and discourse that developed at the time. The results of this paper reveal that Lo Fen Koei text (1903) by Gouw Peng Liang has relevance to cultural practices within Chinese society in responding to diverse prevalent discourses. Meanwhile, the vision and objective of the Tiong Hua Hwee Kuan (THHK) cultural organization, the recinanization movement or Khong Hucu, and opposing to colonial policies exist as evidence of cultural practice. This text was a proponent of cultural nationalism and the restoration of noble teachings. Through the concepts of liberalism and westernization, the work also addressed on the practice of colonialism in the colonial time.
Keywords: Lo Fen Koei, New Historicism, Indonesian Chinese community.
Teks Lo Fen Koei (1903) karya Gouw Peng Liang sebagai praktik kebudayaan masyarakat peranakan Tionghoa: Kajian New Historicism
Teks Lo Fen Koei (1903) karya Gouw Peng Liang merupakan teks yang tersingkirkan dalam sejarah kesastraan Indonesia karena berbagai wacana kuasa dan kekuatan sosial, politik, dan ideologi pada masanya. Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui respon aktif teks tersebut terhadap kekuatan sosial, politik, dan berbagai wacana di luar keberadaannya. Masalah yang dibahas dalam tulisan ini adalah (1) latar historis dan posisi pengarang, (2) makna teks Lo Fen Koei (1903) karya Lo Fen Koei, dan (3) para teks dan wacana yang melingkupi teks Lo Fen Koei (1903). Kajian ini mengunakan prespektif New Historicism. Objek kajiannya adalah teks Loe Fen Koei (1903) sebagai objek material dan praktik kebudayaan dari teks tersebut sebagai objek formal. Data penelitian ini adalah isi dan gagasan karya teks Lo Fen Koei (1903), situasi sosial ketika teks hadir, teks nonsastra yang hadir sezaman, dan berbagai informasi yang sesuai dengan topik. Teknik interpretasi data dilakukan dengan mengikuti prosedur yang dikenalkan dalam kajian New Historicism seperti pembacaan makna teks, merelasikan makna teks atau kehadiran teks dengan situasi sosial dan wacana yang berkembang pada masa itu hingga membukti parateks dengan teks Lo Fen Koei (1903). Hasil tulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa teks Lo Fen Koei (1903) karya Gouw Peng Liang memiliki relevansi dengan praktik kebudayaan di dalam msayarakat Tionghoa dalam merespon berbagai wacana yang hadir. Sementara itu, parateks yang hadir sebagai bukti praktik kebudayaaan adalah visi misi organisasi kultural Tiong Hua Hwee Kuan (THHK), gerakan recinanisasi atau Khong Hucu, dan resistensi atas kebijakan kolonial. Teks ini hadir sebagai komentator yang mendukung gagasan nasionalisme kebudayaan dan gerakan kembali pada ajaran luluhur. Teks ini juga menjadi komentator yang melawan praktik kolonialisme melalui wacana liberalisme dan pembaratan era kolonial.
Kata kunci: Lo Fen Koei, New Historicism, masyarakat Tionghoa Indonesia.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um015v51i12023p133
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