Formulasi Eau de Parfum Berbahan Dasar Minyak Atsiri Khas Sukabumi  sebagai Repellent terhadap Aedes aegypti

Nia Yuniarti; Devi Indah Anwar; Lela Lailatul Khumaisah

doi:10.17977/um0260v7i22023p007

Formulasi Eau de Parfum Berbahan Dasar Minyak Atsiri Khas Sukabumi sebagai Repellent terhadap Aedes aegypti

Nia Yuniarti, Devi Indah Anwar, Lela Lailatul Khumaisah

Abstract

Minyak atsiri, selain digunakan sebagai repellent (penolak nyamuk) juga digunakan sebagai bahan parfum. Tanaman penghasil minyak atsiri yang banyak tumbuh di daerah Sukabumi di antaranya adalah kapulaga (Amomum cardamomum). Pada penelitian ini dibuat formulasi parfum berbahan dasar minyak atsiri khas Sukabumi yang dapat berfungsi ganda yaitu selain sebagai pewangi tubuh juga berfungsi sebagai repellent terhadap nyamuk Aedes aegypti yang merupakan vektor penyakit demam berdarah dengue. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui tingkat kesukaan (hedonik) parfum, menganalisis komponen, evaluasi kualitas, uji keamanan, dan menganalisis formula parfum yang paling efektif sebagai repellent terhadap A. Aegypti. Parfum yang dibuat adalah Eau de Parfum F1, F2, dan F3dengan 3 variasi komponen bagian parfum yang berbeda dari minyak atsiri kapulaga (A. cardamomum), lemon (Citrus limon), sereh wangi (Cymbopogon winterianus), nilam (Pogostemon cablin), dan ekstrak vanili (Vanilla planifolia). Hasil uji hedonik terhadap warna, aroma, dan kesegaran menunjukkan F2 sebagai parfum yang paling disukai panelis. Minyak kapulaga mengandung 4 komponen utama yaitu 1,8-sineol, β-pinen, 3-sikloheksen-1-metanol, dan α-pinen. Berdasarkan analisis GC-MS parfum F1, F2, dan F3 menunjukkan adanya lebih dari 20 komponen penyusun, dengan komponen utama 1,8-sineol, limonen, β-pinen, sitronelal, dimetil asetal hidroksisitronelal, etil vanillin, δ-guaien, dan patchouli alkohol. Parfum F1, F2, dan F3 memenuhi standar kualitas SNI 16-4949-1998, tidak menimbulkan iritasi dan alergi, serta memiliki aktivitas repellent terhadap A. aegypti dengan daya proteksi tertinggi pada parfum yaitu > 90% selama 1 jam dan daya proteksi rata-rata 74.8% selama 6 jam.

Keywords

Eau de Parfum; Minyak atsiri; Kapulaga; Repellent; Aedes aegypti;

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um0260v7i22023p007