POLITENESS STRATEGIES USED BY DONALD TRUMP AND JOE BIDEN IN THE U.S. 2020 FINAL PRESIDENTIAL DEBATE

Nadia Rafika Putri, Rosyida Ekawati

Abstract


This study aims at determining the types of politeness strategies used by and the sociological variables influencing the candidates, Donald Trump and Joe Biden, in the U.S. 2020 Final Presidential Debate. This study also used the theory of Brown and Levinson (1987). This study used the U.S. 2020 final presidential debate video as the source of data. The video was uploaded on YouTube on October 22, 2020. The data were the speaker’s utterances containing politeness strategies. The results of the study revealed that the two candidates used various politeness strategies in the debate. There were 42 data obtained from the statements of the candidates who used the politeness strategy. The most widely used strategy by the two candidates is positive politeness. Then, negative politeness, off record, and bald on record respectively. Meanwhile, the use of politeness strategy by the candidates is influenced by social distance (D) and absolute ranking (R) of impositions.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Alasmari, A. & Ahmed, S. S. (2013). Using Debate in EFL Classes. English Language Teaching, 6 (1).

Ayuningrum, A., P., Rosnasari., S., Syahrizal. (2018). An Analysis of Politeness Strategies Applied by the Members of UKM Debat, the University of Bengkulu. Journal of English Education and Teaching (JEET), 2 (4), 1-8.

Benoit, W.L. (2000). Let’s Put “Debate” into Presidential Debates. Retrieved from https://www.uvm.edu/~debate/NFL/rostrumlib/Benoit%20May’00.pdf.

Brown, P. & Levinson, S. C. (1987). Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage. Cambridge: Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge.

Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research Design Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (3rd Ed.). California: Sage Publication.

Holmes, J. (2013). An Introduction to Sociolinguistics (4th Ed.). New York: Routledge.

Lunenburg, F. C. (2010). Communication: The Process, Barriers, And Improving Effectiveness. Schooling, 1 (1), 1.

Maharani, T. (2018). A Study of Politeness Strategies Used by Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump on the Second Presidential Debate [thesis, Sanata Dharma University].

Rosyidah, R. H. (2019). Politeness As a Strategy of Attack in Presidential Debate in Indonesia 2019. Journal of English Language Teaching and Learning (JETLE), 3 (1), 40-48.

Yule, G. (1996). Pragmatics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um006v7i12023p52-64

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


ISLLAC indexed by:

CROSSREF SINTA GARUDA GOOGLE SCHOLAR RESEARCH BIB BASE SEARCH PKP INDEX OPENARCHIVES WORLDCAT ONESEARCH

ISLLAC : Journal of Intensive Studies on Language, Literature, Art, and Culture
Jurusan Sastra Indonesia, Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia (Department of Indonesian Literature, Faculty of Letters, State University of Malang, Indonesia)

ISSN : 2597-7385 (media online) - SK no. 0005.25977385/JI.3.1/SK.ISSN/2017.09 - 19 September 2017

Lisensi Creative Commons

ISLLAC : Journal of Intensive Studies on Language, Literature, Art, and Culture is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License

View My Stats