Impact of Print Speed and Nozzle Temperature on Tensile Strength of 3D Printed ABS for Permanent Magnet Turbine Systems

Wirawan Wirawan, Hilmi Iman Firmansyah, Satworo Adiwidodo, Mohammad Sukri Mustapa

Abstract


Operational parameters must be integrated into turbine systems' main components, which are determined by turbine systems' functional requirements. The need for producing component designs more effectively raises the possibility of using additive manufacturing. The study focuses on the optimization of the mechanical properties of the principal components of magnetic turbines manufactured with 3D printers using Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), by changing the temperature and speed of the nozzle. The approach consisted of modeling a standard test piece in CAD software and producing ABS-based test pieces using a 3D printer with print speeds of 50, 70, 90, and 110 mm/s and temperatures of 230, 240, 250, and 260 °C. The tensile properties of the samples were determined according to ASTM D638-14 Type I, and the results reveal a consistently greater tensile strength for the parts with high nozzle temperatures of approximately 250 °C and lower print speeds of 50 and 70 mm/s. At higher speeds of 90 and 110 mm/s, though the nozzle temperature has little effect on tensile strength, suggesting that the effect of other parameters is more significant. Whatever the print speed, at higher nozzle temperature (250℃), average tensile strength was improved. Control of nozzle temperature is paramount in increasing tensile strength in the 3D printing process performed at low speeds. Also, the average tensile strength is consistent and normalized. For all print speed values, a 250℃ nozzle produces consistently higher average tensile strength than a 235℃ nozzle. Analysed the parameters for print speed and nozzle temperature, providing optimal results for stronger and more reliable parts for use in turbines.

Keywords


3D printing, additive manufacturing, print speed, nozzle temperature, optimization, tensile strength.

Full Text:

PDF

References


S. Belakehal, H. Benalla, and A. Bentounsi, “Power maximization control of small wind system using permanent magnet synchronous generator,” Journal of Renewable Energies, vol. 12, no. 2, 2023, doi: 10.54966/jreen.v12i2.141.

A. Rakhmatov, O. Primov, M. Mamadaliyev, S. Tòrayev, U. Xudoynazarov, S. Xaydarov et al., “Advancements in renewable energy sources (solar and geothermal): A brief review,” E3s Web of Conferences, vol. 497, p. 01009, 2024, doi: 10.1051/e3sconf/202449701009.

P. Irasari, P. Sutikno, P. Widiyanto, and Q. Maulana, “Performance measurement of a compact generator - hydro turbine system,” International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (Ijece), vol. 5, no. 6, p. 1252, 2015, doi: 10.11591/ijece.v5i6.pp1252-1261.

D. Tarun, S. Sundar, K.C.K. Kumar, S.A. Vardhan, and P. Prasad, “Advancements in fused deposition modeling for aerospace: Optimizing lightweight and high- strength components,” International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology, vol 6, no. 6, pp. 2212–2215, 2024, doi: 10.38124/ijisrt/ijisrt24jun1751.

M. Sain and S. Gupta, “A review on 3D printing using fused deposition modelling,” Skit Research Journal, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 71–76, 2022, doi: 10.47904/ijskit.12.1.2022.71-76.

G. Prashar, H. Vasudev, and D. Bhuddhi, “Additive manufacturing: expanding 3D printing horizon in industry 4.0,” International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing, vol. 17, no. 5, 2023, doi: 10.1007/s12008-022-00956-4.

S. Oberloier, N. G. Whisman, and J. M. Pearce, “Finding ideal parameters for recycled material fused particle fabrication-based 3D printing using an open source software implementation of particle swarm optimization,” 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing, vol. 10, no. 6, 2023, doi: 10.1089/3dp.2022.0012.

Y. Wang, J. Liu, M. Guo, and L. Qi. Wang, “Research on the printing error of tilted vertical beams in delta-robot 3D printers,” Rapid Prototype Journal, vol. 27, no. 9, 2021, doi: 10.1108/RPJ-03-2020-0052.

S. Kumar, “Mechanical, morphological, and dimensional properties of heat-treated fused deposition modeling printed polymeric matrix of polyethylene terephthalate glycol,” Progress in Rubber Plastics and Recycling Technology, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 168–190, 2023, doi: 10.1177/14777606231218354.

S. Park, W. Cho, H. Lee, J. Bae, T. Jeong, J. Huh et al., “Strength and surface characteristics of 3D-printed resin crowns for the primary molars,” Polymers (Basel), vol. 15, no. 21, 2023, doi: 10.3390/polym15214241.

M. Põldaru, K. Tammkõrv, T. Tuisk, M. Kiviste, and R. Puust, “The effect of printing direction on the strength characteristics of a 3D printed concrete wall section,” Buildings, vol. 13, no. 12, 2023, doi: 10.3390/buildings13122917.

T. Yuan, X. Peng, D. Zhang, and L. Li, “Direct 3D printing system: From point cloud to additive manufacturing,” Computer-Aided Design and Applications, vol. 17, no. 4, 2020, doi: 10.14733/cadaps.2020.825-835.

Y. Ma, J. Potappel, M.A.I. Schutyser, R.M. Boom, and L. Zhang, “Quantitative analysis of 3D food printing layer extrusion accuracy: Contextualizing automated image analysis with human evaluations: Quantifying 3D food printing accuracy,” Current Research in Food Science, vol. 6, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100511.

J.A. Nebrida and O. Oliveros, “Artificial intelligence utilized in 3D printing construction technology,” Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports, vol. 17, no. 4, 2023, doi: 10.9734/ajarr/2023/v17i4476.

Y. Zhang, J. Qiao, G. Zhang, H. Tian, and L. Li, “Artificial intelligence‐assisted repair system for structural and electrical restoration using 3D printing,” Advanced Intelligent Systems, vol. 4, no. 10, 2022, doi: 10.1002/aisy.202200162.

D. Palka, “Use of reverse engineering and additive printing in the reconstruction of gears,” Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering, vol. 3, no. 1, 2020, doi: 10.2478/mape-2020-0024.

M. Fabian, R. Huňady, and F. Kupec, “Reverse engineering and rapid prototyping in the process of developing prototypes of automotive parts,” Manufacturing Technology, vol. 22, no. 6, 2022, doi: 10.21062/mft.2022.084.

Z. Li, H. Liu, X. Cheng, P. Nie, X. Yang, G. Zheng et al., “Improvement of 3d printing cement-based material process: Parameter experiment and analysis,” Coatings, vol. 12, no. 12, 2022, doi: 10.3390/coatings12121973.

A. Meram and B. Sözen, “Investigation on the manufacturing variants influential on the strength of 3D printed products,” Research on Engineering Structures and Materials, vol. 6, no. 4, 2020, doi: 10.17515/resm2019.171me3112.

A. Pentek et al., “The effect of printing parameters on electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of PLA and ABS based carbon composites in additive manufacturing of upper limb prosthetics,” Crystals (Basel), vol. 10, no. 5, 2020, doi: 10.3390/cryst10050398.

F. Fadillah, H. Suryanto, and S. Suprayitno, “Study on effect of 3D printing parameters on surface roughness and tensile strength using analysis of variance,” Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST), vol. 7, no. 2, p. 96, Jul. 2023, doi: 10.17977/um016v7i22023p096.

D. Taqdissillah, A.Z. Muttaqin, M. Darsin, D. Dwilaksana, and N. Ilminnafik, “The effect of nozzle temperature, infill geometry, layer height and fan speed on roughness surface in PETG filament,” Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST), vol. 6, no. 2, p. 74, Nov. 2022, doi: 10.17977/um016v6i22022p074.

D. Berihun Sitotaw, D. Marcel Muenks, Y. Kostadinov Kyosev, and A. Kechi Kabish, “Investigation of parameters of fused deposition modelling 3D prints with compression properties,” Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 2022, 2022, doi: 10.1155/2022/4700723.

A.P. Agrawal, V. Kumar, J. Kumar, P. Paramasivam, S. Dhanasekaran, and L. Prasad, “An investigation of combined effect of infill pattern, density, and layer thickness on mechanical properties of 3D printed ABS by fused filament fabrication,” Heliyon, vol. 9, no. 6, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16531.

M.B. McKinnon and G. Bellamy, “Fire safety research institute materials and products database—A resource to support fire modeling,” J Fire Sci, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 175–216, 2024, doi: 10.1177/07349041241235566.

P. Hylla and J. Domin, “Impact of additive manufacturing temperature on strength of 3D printouts made of PLA and ABS,” Mining Machines, vol. 3, no. 3, 2020.

Z. Weng, J. Wang, T. Senthil, and L. Wu, “Mechanical and thermal properties of ABS/montmorillonite nanocomposites for fused deposition modeling 3D printing,” Materials & Design, vol. 102, pp. 276–283, 2016, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2016.04.045.

C. Abeykoon, P. Sri-Amphorn, and A. Fernando, “Optimization of fused deposition modeling parameters for improved PLA and ABS 3D printed structures,” International Journal of Lightweight Materials and Manufacture, vol. 3, no. 3, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.ijlmm.2020.03.003.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um016v9i12025p090

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST)

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

View My Stats