Kebijakan Pendidikan, Pelatihan Teknis dan Kejuruan (TVET) untuk Masa Depan Di Era Rev. 4.0 : Study Literatur Tentang Strategi dan Pendekatan

Duwi Leksono Edy, Eddy Sutadji

Abstract


Abstrak: Penelitian ini menganalisa tranformasi Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Kehuruan (TVET) diera Revolusi Industri 4.0 melalui pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) terhadap artikel yang terbit pata tahun 2018-2024. Proses penelitian melibatkan empat tahap: identifikasi, penyaringan, penilaian kelayakan dan inklusi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dampak penggunaan AI dalam sector Pendidikan dan mengetahui kebijakan-kebijakan diberbagai negara dalam mengatasi perkembangan AI dengan tidak menghilangkan fungsi AI dan meminimalis resiko dari AI. Metode penelitian ini dengan menggunakan SLR dan meta analisis PRISMA 2020 sebagai landasan untuk mereview artikel-artikel dari scopus dan scolar yang sesuai dengan topik penelitian. Data yang diperoleh terdapat 339 artikel yang kemudian dilakukan review didapatkan 23 artikel sesuai topik dan berdasarkan tujuh aspek utama, meliputi jenis penelitian, subjek, instrumen pengumpulan data, dan metode analisis yang dalam bentuk bahasa inggris. Hasil dari penelitian TVET harus beradaptasi dengan cepat terhadap tuntutan Revolusi Industri 4.0 yang ditandai oleh integrasi teknologi canggih seperti Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), big data, dan robotika. Transformasi ini tidak hanya diperlukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pasar tenaga kerja, tetapi juga untuk memastikan relevansi sistem pendidikan dengan perkembangan zaman. TVET di era Revolusi Industri 4.0 memiliki potensi besar untuk mempersiapkan tenaga kerja yang kompeten dan adaptif terhadap perubahan teknologi.

Kata Kunci: Kebijakan Pendidikan, TVET, Rev. 4.0

Abstract: The development of AI technology in recent decades has experienced a significant increase. The TVET learning process directly impacts the development of digital technology. The government, especially in the Education sector, has policies oriented towards using AI. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of the use of AI in the education sector and to determine the policies in various countries that address the development of AI without eliminating its function and minimizing its risks. This research method uses SLR and PRISMA 2020 meta-analysis to review articles from Scopus and Scolar that are in accordance with the research topic. The data contained 339 articles, which were then reviewed, and 23 articles obtained according to the topic and in English. The results of the TVET study must adapt quickly to the demands of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, marked by the integration of advanced technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), big data, and robotics. This transformation is needed not only to meet the needs of the labor market but also to ensure the relevance of the education system to the times. TVET in the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 has great potential to prepare a competent and adaptive workforce for technological changes

Keywords: Education Policy, TVET, Rev. 4.0

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um054v8i1p33-42

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