Film dan Focus Group Discussion: Strategi Promosi Kesehatan untuk Menurunkan  Stigma Masyarakat terhadap Orang dengan HIV/AIDS

Paramytha Magdalena Sukarno Putri; Zahroh Shaluhiyah; Antono Suryoputro

doi:10.17977/um044v7i22022p35-45

Film dan Focus Group Discussion: Strategi Promosi Kesehatan untuk Menurunkan Stigma Masyarakat terhadap Orang dengan HIV/AIDS

Paramytha Magdalena Sukarno Putri, Zahroh Shaluhiyah, Antono Suryoputro

Abstract

People Living with HIV/AIDS in Demak, Indonesia were still facing social stigma. This research aims to analyze the influence of film and focus group discussions on stigma. A quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group pre-test and post-test design was applied. This research was conducted in two villages, Ngemplik Wetan as the intervention group and Tembok as the control group. The film with focus group discussion was given four times for one month, only to the intervention group. To measure stigma, the Wilcoxon test was used to compare between pre-test and post-test in a group meanwhile the Mann-Whitney test was used to compare between groups. The sample was determined by purposive sampling and used the comparison formula of two sample proportions. The sample of each group is 45 respondents. The results showed that the intervention group have a significant difference in stigma (p is 0.000; Z is -4.716; CI is 95 percent) and the average stigma decreased by 3.65. Whereas the control group did not have a significant difference in stigma (p is 0.200; Z is -0.924; CI is 95 percent) and the average stigma decreased by 0.78. Film and focus group discussions can be used as a health promotion strategy to reduce the social stigma toward ODHA.

Orang dengan HIV/AIDS yang bertempat tinggal di Demak, Indonesia masih mengalami stigma dari masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh film dan focus group discussions pada stigma. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group pre-test and post-test. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di dua desa; Desa Ngempik Wetan sebagai kelompok intervensi, sedangkan Desa Tembok sebagai kelompok kontrol. Intervensi berupa film dan diskusi kelompok hanya diberikan pada kelompok intervensi sebanyak empat kali dalam sebulan. Untuk membandingkan stigma pre-test dan post-test masing-masing kelompok digunakan uji statistik Wilcoxon. Sedangkan uji Mann-Whitney digunakan untuk membandingkan antar kelompok. Sampel penelitian ditentukan dengan purposive sampling dan rumus perbandingan dua proporsi. Sampel diperoleh 45 responden untuk masing-masing kelompok. Hasil pretest-posttest penelitian menunjukkan kelompok intervensi memiliki perbedaan stigma yang bermakna (p sama dengan 0.000; Z sama dengan 4.716; CI sama dengan 95 persen) dan penurunan nilai rata-rata stigma sebesar 3.65. Sementara itu kelompok kontrol menunjukkan perbedaan stigma yang tidak bermakna (p sama dengan 0.200; Z sama dengan -0.924; CI sama dengan 95 persen) dan nilai rata-rata stigma turun hanya sebesar 0.78. Film dan focus group discussions dapat digunakan sebagai strategi promosi kesehatan untuk mengurangi stigma masyarakat terhadap ODHA.

Keywords

film; focus group discussions; stigma

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um044v7i22022p35-45