Kemerdekaan sebagai pembebasan kelas: refleksi marx atas perjuangan indonesia
Abstract
Abstract
This study examines Indonesia's struggle for independence through the lens of Karl Marx, emphasizing class conflict between the colonial powers and the indigenous population. It situates the nationalist movement within a broader socio-economic context, revealing that independence was not solely a political project, but part of a prolonged class struggle from the early 20th century until the post-independence era. Using historical methods grounded in the framework proposed by Kuntowijoyo (2003), this research analyzes archival and secondary literature to uncover how colonial exploitation structured Indonesian society along class lines. The findings highlight how figures such as Soekarno, Hatta, and Tan Malaka integrated class consciousness into national resistance, and how post-1945 Indonesia continued to grapple with inherited social and economic inequalities. This study offers a new perspective to view independence as a process of class liberation, reflecting on how the fight for political freedom intertwined with the quest for economic justice..
Abstrak
Studi ini meneliti perjuangan Indonesia untuk kemerdekaan melalui lensa Karl Marx dengan penekanan pada konflik kelas antara kekuatan kolonial dan penduduk pribumi. Penelitian ini menempatkan gerakan nasionalis dalam konteks sosial-ekonomi yang lebih luas, menunjukkan bahwa kemerdekaan bukan semata perjuangan politik, melainkan juga perjuangan kelas yang berlangsung sejak awal abad ke-20 hingga pascakemerdekaan. Dengan menggunakan metode sejarah sebagaimana dikembangkan oleh Kuntowijoyo (2003), penelitian ini menganalisis literatur primer dan sekunder untuk mengungkap bagaimana eksploitasi kolonial membentuk struktur sosial Indonesia berdasarkan kelas. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bagaimana tokoh-tokoh seperti Soekarno, Hatta, dan Tan Malaka mengintegrasikan kesadaran kelas dalam perlawanan nasional, serta bagaimana Indonesia pasca-1945 terus berjuang melawan ketimpangan sosial-ekonomi yang diwariskan kolonialisme. Studi ini menawarkan sudut pandang baru yang melihat kemerdekaan sebagai proses pembebasan kelas yang kompleks, di mana perjuangan politik dan keadilan ekonomi saling terkait.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um081v5i22025p126-135
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