Cover Image

Photocatalyst Activity of TiO2/CQD Nanocomposite for Degradating Pesticide Contaminants in Water

Asrianti Bt. Sunardi, Kurnia Galuh Candra Kirana, Nandang Mufti, Hari Wisodo

Abstract


This study investigates the effectiveness of TiO2/CQD composites on the pesticide degradation. TiO2/CQD composites has been successfully synthesized using hydrothermal methods. The samples were characterized by XRD, TEM, PL, BET, and UV-Vis. The result of XRD shows the addition of CQD does not affect the crystal phase of TiO2. The result of TEM shows that CQD are well deposited on the TiO2 surface. The particle size of the TiO2/CQD composite is getting larger after the addition of CQD compared to pure TiO2 and the average particle size distribution is about 109-114 nm. PL analysis found that the addition of CQD increased the intensity of NBE emissions while Tii decreased. The BET test result of the TiO2/CQD composite shows a surface area of 8.6710 m2/g. The pore diameter is 37.4 nm compared to pure TiO2. While the pore volume is 0.0754 cm3/g. Photocatalyst activity of TiO2/CQD against pesticides after 150 minutes of irradiation reached 89.9667%. TiO2/CQD photocatalyst has significant potential for pesticide water treatment. Further research is needed for large-scale optimization and evaluation.


Keywords


TiO2/CQD; Photocatalyst Activity; Pesticide Degradation

Full Text:

PDF

References


S. V. Carneiro et al., “Sensing strategy based on Carbon Quantum Dots obtained from riboflavin for the identification of pesticides,” Sensors Actuators, B Chem., vol. 301, no. September, p. 127149, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.snb.2019.127149.

J. G. L. Ferreira, W. H. Takarada, and E. S. Orth, “Waste-derived biocatalysts for pesticide degradation,” J. Hazard. Mater., vol. 427, no. September 2021, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127885.

S. J. Phang and L. L. Tan, “Recent advances in carbon quantum dot (CQD)-based two dimensional materials for photocatalytic applications,” Catal. Sci. Technol., vol. 9, no. 21, pp. 5882–5905, 2019, doi: 10.1039/c9cy01452g.

I. Ahmad et al., “ZnO and Ni-doped ZnO photocatalysts: Synthesis, characterization and improved visible light driven photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue,” Inorganica Chim. Acta, vol. 543, no. April, p. 121167, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.121167.

N. Mufti, I. K. R. Laila, Hartatiek, and A. Fuad, “The effect of TiO2 thin film thickness on self-cleaning glass properties,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 853, no. 1, 2017, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/853/1/012035.

M. Jeyaraj, R. Atchudan, S. Pitchaimuthu, T. N. J. I. Edison, and P. Sennu, “Photocatalytic degradation of persistent brilliant green dye in water using CeO2/ZnO nanospheres,” Process Saf. Environ. Prot., vol. 156, pp. 457–464, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.psep.2021.10.033.

Q. Guo, C. Zhou, Z. Ma, and X. Yang, “Fundamentals of TiO2 Photocatalysis: Concepts, Mechanisms, and Challenges,” Adv. Mater., vol. 31, no. 50, pp. 1–26, 2019, doi: 10.1002/adma.201901997.

C. Thambiliyagodage, “Activity enhanced TiO2 nanomaterials for photodegradation of dyes - A review,” Environ. Nanotechnology, Monit. Manag., vol. 16, no. August, p. 100592, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.enmm.2021.100592.

S. Malmir, A. Karbalaei, M. Pourmadadi, J. Hamedi, F. Yazdian, and M. Navaee, “Antibacterial properties of a bacterial cellulose CQD-TiO2 nanocomposite,” Carbohydr. Polym., vol. 234, no. July 2019, p. 115835, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115835.

M. S. Kumar, K. Y. Yasoda, D. Kumaresan, N. K. Kothurkar, and S. K. Batabyal, “TiO2-carbon quantum dots (CQD) nanohybrid: Enhanced photocatalytic activity,” Mater. Res. Express, vol. 5, no. 7, 2018, doi: 10.1088/2053-1591/aacbb9.

H. W. Chu, B. Unnikrishnan, A. Anand, Y. W. Lin, and C. C. Huang, “Carbon quantum dots for the detection of antibiotics and pesticides,” J. Food Drug Anal., vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 539–557, 2020, doi: 10.38212/2224-6614.1269.

R. Behnood and G. Sodeifian, “Synthesis of N doped-CQDs/Ni doped-ZnO nanocomposites for visible light photodegradation of organic pollutants,” J. Environ. Chem. Eng., vol. 8, no. 4, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.jece.2020.103821.

H. Widiyandari et al., “Nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots supported zinc oxide (ZnO/N-CQD) nanoflower photocatalyst for methylene blue photodegradation,” Results Eng., vol. 17, no. September 2022, p. 100814, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.rineng.2022.100814.

Y. Zhou et al., “Carbon Quantum Dot/TiO2 Nanohybrids: Efficient Photocatalysts for Hydrogen Generation via Intimate Contact and Efficient Charge Separation,” ACS Appl. Nano Mater., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 1027–1032, 2019, doi: 10.1021/acsanm.8b02310.

X. Sun et al., “Ternary TiO2/WO3/CQDs nanocomposites for enhanced photocatalytic mineralization of aqueous cephalexin: Degradation mechanism and toxicity evaluation,” Chem. Eng. J., vol. 412, no. December 2020, p. 128679, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.128679.

J. Korram, L. Dewangan, R. Nagwanshi, I. Karbhal, K. K. Ghosh, and M. L. Satnami, “A carbon quantum dot-gold nanoparticle system as a probe for the inhibition and reactivation of acetylcholinesterase: Detection of pesticides,” New J. Chem., vol. 43, no. 18, pp. 6874–6882, 2019, doi: 10.1039/c9nj00555b.

S. Tong et al., “Preparation of carbon quantum dots/TiO2 composite and application for enhanced photodegradation of rhodamine B,” Colloids Surfaces A Physicochem. Eng. Asp., vol. 648, no. April, p. 129342, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129342.

A. Mozdbar, A. Nouralishahi, S. Fatemi, and F. S. Talatori, “The impact of Carbon Quantum Dots (CQDs) on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 under UV and visible light,” J. Water Process Eng., vol. 51, no. September 2022, p. 103465, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2022.103465.

A. R. Ahmad, J. Juwita, and S. A. D. Ratulangi, “Penetapan Kadar Fenolik dan Flavonoid Total Ekstrak Metanol Buah dan Daun Patikala (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M.SM),” Pharm. Sci. Res., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–10, 2015, doi: 10.7454/psr.v2i1.3481.

Y. Liu, S. Wei, and M. Liao, “Optimization of ultrasonic extraction of phenolic compounds from Euryale ferox seed shells using response surface methodology,” Ind. Crops Prod., vol. 49, pp. 837–843, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.07.023.

X. Lai et al., “Hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of nitrogen-doped fluorescent carbon quantum dots from citric acid and urea,” Ferroelectrics, vol. 566, no. 1, pp. 116–123, 2020, doi: 10.1080/00150193.2020.1762435.

I. B. I. Williams, E. K. Fodjo, K. Amadou, T. Albert, and C. Kong, “Enhancing the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanoparticles using green Carbon quantum dots,” Int. J. Nano Dimens., vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 144–154, 2022.

F. Zheng, Z. Wang, J. Chen, and S. Li, “Synthesis of carbon quantum dot-surface modified P25 nanocomposites for photocatalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol and acid violet 43,” RSC Adv., vol. 4, no. 58, pp. 30605–30609, 2014, doi: 10.1039/c4ra02707h.

Y. Mi, N. Wang, X. Fang, J. Cao, M. Tao, and Z. Cao, “Interfacial polymerization nanofiltration membrane with visible light photocatalytic self-cleaning performance by incorporation of CQD/TiO2,” Sep. Purif. Technol., vol. 277, no. July, p. 119500, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119500.

S. Chen, Y. Xiao, Y. Wang, Z. Hu, H. Zhao, and W. Xie, “A facile approach to prepare black TiO2 with oxygen vacancy for enhancing photocatalytic activity,” Nanomaterials, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 1–16, 2018, doi: 10.3390/nano8040245.

B. Santara, P. K. Giri, K. Imakita, and M. Fujii, “Evidence for Ti interstitial induced extended visible absorption and near infrared photoluminescence from undoped TiO2 nanoribbons: An in situ photoluminescence study,” J. Phys. Chem. C, vol. 117, no. 44, pp. 23402–23411, 2013, doi: 10.1021/jp408249q.

G. Rajender, J. Kumar, and P. K. Giri, “Interfacial charge transfer in oxygen deficient TiO2-graphene quantum dot hybrid and its influence on the enhanced visible light photocatalysis,” Appl. Catal. B Environ., vol. 224, no. November 2017, pp. 960–972, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.11.042.

T. H. T. Vu, T. T. Lam, D. N. Dao, D. A. Van, and T. H. Huynh, “A Composite of TiO2Quantum Dots and TiO2Nanoparticles Coated on Anti-Bumping Glass Beads (TiO2QDs-TiO2NPs/GBs), with a Very Low Content of TiO2as a High Performance Photocatalyst,” J. Chem., vol. 2023, 2023, doi: 10.1155/2023/3400175.

Y. K. Abdel-Monem, “Efficient nanophotocatalyt of hydrothermally synthesized anatase TiO2 nanoparticles from its analogue metal coordinated precursor,” J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron., vol. 27, no. 6, pp. 5723–5728, 2016, doi: 10.1007/s10854-016-4484-7.

K. Firanita, S. Hidayat, F. D. Ikram, S. Bahtiar, and E. Yanuar, “Green Synthesis AgNPs Immobilized to Whatman Paper Using Chromolaena odorata Extract and Its Application as Photocatalyst,” JPSE (Journal Phys. Sci. Eng., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 6–15, 2022, doi: 10.17977/um024v7i12022p006.

R. M. Kumari, N. Thapa, N. Gupta, A. Kumar, and S. Nimesh, “Antibacterial and photocatalytic degradation efficacy of silver nanoparticles biosynthesized using Cordia dichotoma leaf extract,” Adv. Nat. Sci. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., vol. 7, no. 4, 2016, doi: 10.1088/2043-6262/7/4/045009.




Copyright (c) 2023 Asrianti Bt. Sunardi, Kurnia Galuh Candra Kirana, Nandang Mufti, Hari Wisodo

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.


This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License