Cover Image

Synthesis and Characterization of Magnetite Nanofiber for Magnetic Field Sensor

Nabila Putri Aulia, Arif Hidayat, Ahmad Taufiq

Abstract


This study reports the performance of a magnetite sensor using magnetite nanofibers. Magnetite nanoparticles, synthesized from natural iron sand via coprecipitation and integrated into a polyvinylidene fluoride matrix by electrospinning. Structural analysis confirmed by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) characterizations. The nanofiber had an average diameter of 618.4 nm. The results of the magnetic property analysis showed that the nanofiber was superparamagnetic with a saturation magnetization value of 15.04 emu/g. The sensor exhibited good sensitivity and resolutions with a value 3.31 mV/mT and 0.015 mT with excellent stability.

Keywords


Magnetite; PVDF; Superparamagnetic; Magnetic Field Sensor

Full Text:

PDF

References


D. Murzin et al., “Ultrasensitive Magnetic Field Sensors for Biomedical Applications,” Sensors, vol. 20, no. 6, p. 1569, Mar. 2020, doi: 10.3390/s20061569.

S. Tumanski, “Modern magnetic field sensors–a review,” Organ, no. 10, pp. 1–12, 2013, [Online]. Available: http://www.red.pe.org.pl/articles/2013/10/1.pdf

J. Wu et al., “Low temperature sensitive intensity-interrogated magnetic field sensor based on modal interference in thin-core fiber and magnetic fluid,” Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 104, no. 25, Jun. 2014, doi: 10.1063/1.4884896.

A. Roy, P. Sampathkumar, and P. S. Anil Kumar, “Development of a very high sensitivity magnetic field sensor based on planar Hall effect,” Meas. J. Int. Meas. Confed., vol. 156, p. 107590, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.measurement.2020.107590.

C. Jiang, X. Liu, T. Dong, Y. Wang, Z. Cong, and Q. Shi, “Optical manipulation of magnetic microspheres Enables high-sensitivity Fiber-optic magnetic field sensors,” Meas. J. Int. Meas. Confed., vol. 242, no. PD, p. 116135, 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.measurement.2024.116135.

Y. Zhao, J. Huang, X. Yang, and W. Wang, “Electrospun nanofibers and their application as sensors for healthcare,” no. March, pp. 1–23, 2025, doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1533367.

S. Petrik and M. Ibrahim, “Functional Nanofibers for Sensors,” T. A. Tański and P. Jarka, Eds., London: IntechOpen, 2022. doi: 10.5772/intechopen.102597.

X. F. Wang, B. Ding, and J. Y. Yu, “Functional nanofibers in sensor applications.,” 2012. doi: 10.1533/9780857095640.2.209.

Kenry and C. T. Lim, “Nanofiber technology: current status and emerging developments,” Prog. Polym. Sci., vol. 70, pp. 1–17, 2017, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2017.03.002.

I. Bagus, P. Mardana, Y. N. Lutfiyah, P. Yasa, G. Kade, and A. Widiantara, “Synthesis and characterization of magnetite Fe3O4 nanoparticles from,” vol. 07, no. 01, 2024.

A. Bakhshi, M. Jalaly, and M. Vahedi, “The effect of GO–Fe3O4 hybrid coating on the magnetic field detection by a tapered optical fiber sensor,” Opt. Fiber Technol., vol. 74, p. 103134, Dec. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.yofte.2022.103134.

X. F. Zhao, X. N. Zhang, and M. Yu, “Multiscale understanding the interfacial layer in poly(vinylidene fluoride)-based ferroelectric polymers,” Materialia, vol. 36, p. 102182, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtla.2024.102182.

S. Mahboubizadeh, S. Taghavi, and S. Baghshahi, “Piezoelectricity performance and β-phase analysis of PVDF composite fibers with BaTiO3 and PZT reinforcement,” Heliyon, vol. 10, no. 3, p. e25021, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25021.

H. Tian et al., “Serpent-inspired multimodal flexible sensor for multi-signal measurement based on PVDF-TrFE/Fe3O4 nanofibers,” Measurement, vol. 236, p. 115074, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2024.115074.

S. Aghayari, “PVDF composite nanofibers applications,” Heliyon, vol. 8, no. 11, p. e11620, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11620.

R. Belouadah, L. Seveyrat, D. Guyomar, B. Guiffard, and F. Belhora, “Magnetoelectric coupling in Fe3O4/P(VDF-TrFE) nanocomposites,” Sensors Actuators A Phys., vol. 247, Jun. 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.sna.2016.06.013.

M. Bichurin et al., “Magnetoelectric Magnetic Field Sensors: A Review,” Sensors, vol. 21, no. 18, p. 6232, Sep. 2021, doi: 10.3390/s21186232.

D. Viehland, M. Wuttig, J. McCord, and E. Quandt, “Magnetoelectric magnetic field sensors,” MRS Bull., vol. 43, no. 11, pp. 834–840, Nov. 2018, doi: 10.1557/mrs.2018.261.

A. Nikmah, A. Taufiq, and A. Hidayat, “Synthesis and Characterization of Fe3O4/SiO2 nanocomposites Synthesis and Characterization of Fe3O4/SiO2 nanocomposites”, doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/276/1/012046.

T. Chowdhury, N. D’Souza, and D. Berman, “Electrospun Fe3O4-PVDF Nanofiber Composite Mats for Cryogenic Magnetic Sensor Applications,” Textiles, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 227–238, 2021, doi: 10.3390/textiles1020011.

I. Sriyanti et al., “Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering Physicochemical and mechanical properties of polyvinylidene fluoride nanofiber membranes,” Case Stud. Chem. Environ. Eng., vol. 9, no. December 2023, p. 100588, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.cscee.2023.100588.

Z. Li, X. Wang, Y. Lu, and Y. Liu, “Enhancing piezoelectric properties of PVDF tree-like nanofiber membrane with silver nanoparticle incorporation,” Mater. Res. Bull., vol. 185, p. 113276, 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2024.113276.

T. Chowdhury, N. D’souza, Y. H. Ho, N. Dahotre, and I. Mahbub, “Embedded corrosion sensing with zno-pvdf sensor textiles,” Sensors (Switzerland), vol. 20, no. 11, pp. 1–17, 2020, doi: 10.3390/s20113053.

A. Taufiq et al., “Synthesis of Fe3O4/Ag nanohybrid ferrofluids and their applications as antimicrobial and antifibrotic agents,” Heliyon, vol. 6, no. 12, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05813.

Z. He, F. Rault, M. Lewandowski, E. Mohsenzadeh, and F. Salaün, “Electrospun PVDF nanofibers for piezoelectric applications: A review of the influence of electrospinning parameters on the β phase and crystallinity enhancement,” Polymers (Basel)., vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 1–23, 2021, doi: 10.3390/polym13020174.

G. Kirat, A. Erdoğan, and M. A. Aksan, “GMI-based biosensor for the detection and quantification of doxorubicin anticancer drugs labeled to Fe3O4 superparamagnetic nanoparticles,” Sensors Actuators A Phys., vol. 373, p. 115400, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2024.115400.

P. N. Aulia, “Fabrication of Fe3O4/PVDF Magnetic Nanofiber Membranes for Magnetic Field Sensor Fabrication of Fe3O4/PVDF Magnetic Nanofiber Membranes for Magnetic Field Sensor,” 2025, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2980/1/012003.




Copyright (c) 2024 Nabila Putri Aulia, Arif Hidayat, Ahmad Taufiq

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.


This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License