Diskriminasi Ras Dan Hak Asasi Manusia Di Amerika Serikat: Studi Kasus Pembunuhan George Floyd

Oktoviana Banda Saputri

Abstract


The United States (US) had bad history of racial conflict between whites and blacks people for about three centuries.That happened to a black man named George Flyod in the US has very high attention for the US community and even people of around the world. This is because black people are often becomes victims of discriminatory acts by white people. White American society is difficult to assimilate black people, because the process enter of black people to the US was only as slave labor, so that the mindset of black people as second-class citizens was formed which became an attitude in social stratification in the US. This study aims to analyze the phenomenon of racial discrimination and human rights and the settlement of legal cases that occur in the US. Based on literature review and material analysis from various scientific sources, it can be concluded that the US Government as a state administrator is also still implementing discriminatory policies, even the US, which we know as the originator and main pioneer of human rights in the world, has not ratified several legal policies related to the elimination of discrimination. Racism, racial discrimination and intolerance are serious threats to the social progress of the global community.


Amerika Serikat memiliki sejarah kelam mengenai konflik rasial antara orang kulit putih dan orang kulit hitam selama kurang lebih tiga abad lamanya. Kasus yang terjadi terhadap orang kulit hitam bernama George Flyod di Amerika Serikat memiliki atensi yang sangat tinggi untuk masyarakat Amerika Serikat bahkan dunia. Hal tersebut dikarenakan orang kulit hitam sering kali menjadi korban tindakan diskriminatif orang kulit putih. Masyarakat kulit putih Amerika Serikat sulit untuk mengasimilasi orang kulit hitam, dikarenakan awal kedatangan orang kulit hitam ke Amerika Serikat hanya sebagai budak pekerja, sehingga terbentuk pola pikir mengenai orang kulit hitam sebagai warga negara kelas dua yang menjadi sebuah sikap dalam stratifikasi sosial di Amerika Serikat. Penelitian ini ingin menganalisis mengenai fenomena diskriminasi ras dan Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) serta penyelesaian kasus hukum yang terjadi di Amerika Serikat. Berdasarkan kajian literatur dan analisis materi dari berbagai sumber ilmiah dapat disimpulkan bahwa Pemerintah Amerika Serikat sebagai penyelenggara negara juga ternyata masih menerapkan kebijakan diskriminatif, bahkan Amerika Serikat yang kita kenal sebagai pencetus dan pelopor HAM di dunia belum meratifikasi beberapa kebijakan hukum terkait penghapusan diskriminasi. Rasisme, diskriminasi ras, dan intoleransi merupakan ancaman serius terhadap kemajuan sosial masyarakat global.


Keywords


discrimination, human rights, black citizens, United States

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um021v5i2p120-133

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