PENGARUH INTENSITAS KEBISINGAN TERHADAP TEKANAN DARAH DAN DENYUT NADI PADA MAHASISWA PESERTA PRAKTIKUM PENGELASAN II DI UNIVERSITAS NEGERI MALANG

Erni Dwiyanti, Marji Marji, Erianto Fanani

Abstract


Abstract: Long term noise exposure is a stressor to human body that associated with hormonal system and cardiovascular responses that can cause hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Measurement of blood pressure and heart rate are well established methods for measuring overall cardiovascular responses. The purpose of this research is to analyze effect of noise on blood pressure and heart rate in participant of Welding Practicum II at State University of Malang. This research is an analytic survey with cross sectional approach  and conduct on 31 participant of Welding Practicum II who were taken by purposive sampling technique. Noise intensity was measured by using sound level meter. Blood pressure was measured by using mercury sphygmomanometer and heart rate was measured by using pulse oxy meter. Data analysis of mean arterial pressure and  heart rate was performed by using paired t test meanwhile systole and diastolic blood pressure was performed by Wilcoxon test. The result of this research indicate that noise intensity in Welding Laboratory was 92.54 dB(A). When the student uses earmuff, noise intensity was 83.89 dB. From the statistical test, it was found that there is a significantly difference systolic, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure and heart rate when the student  use earmuff and when the student didn’t use earmuff. The advice for the student participant of Welding Practicum II should be aware to use personal protective equipment during the work correctly to prevent the effect noise in health.
Keywords: noise, blood pressure, heart rate, MAP

Abstrak: Paparan kebisingan merupakan stressor yang berhubungan dengan sistem hormon dan respon kardiovaskular yang dapat menyebabkan hipertensi dan penyakit kardiovaskular. Pengukuran tekanan darah dan denyut nadi merupakan metode yang tepat untuk mengukur respon kardiovaskular. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh intensitas kebisingan terhadap tekanan darah dan denyut nadi pada mahasiswa peserta praktikum pengelasan II di Universitas Negeri Malang. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan cross sectional yang melibatkan 31 sampel yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengukuran intensitas kebisingan menggunakan sound level meter. Pengukuran tekanan darah menggunakan tensimeter raksa sedangkan pengukuran denyut nadi menggunakan pulse oxy meter. Data penelitian mean arteri pressure (MAP) dan denyut nadi dianalisis menggunakan paired t-test sedangkan analisis tekanan darah sistol dan diastol menggunakan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan intensitas kebisingan di Laboratorium Pengelasan mencapai 92,54 dB(A). Saat mahasiswa menggunakan earmuff, intensitas kebisingan yang diterima oleh mahasiwa sebesar 83,89 dB(A). Hasil uji statitistik menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan secara signifikan tekanan darah sistolik, diastolik, mean arteri pressure (MAP) dan denyut nadi pada saat mahasiswa tidak menggunakan earmuff dengan saat mahasiswa menggunakan earmuff. Para mahasiwa pratikum pengelasan II disarankan untuk menggunakan alat pelindung telinga untuk mengurangi gangguan kesehatan akibat kebisingan.
Kata Kunci: kebisingan, tekanan darah, denyut nadi, MAP

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um044v3i1p23-34

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