ANALISIS KESULITAN SISWA DALAM MEMBACA PERMULAAN DI KELAS SATU SEKOLAH DASAR

Inne Marthyanne Pratiwi; Vina Anggia Nastitie Ariawan

doi:10.17977/um009v26i12017p069

ANALISIS KESULITAN SISWA DALAM MEMBACA PERMULAAN DI KELAS SATU SEKOLAH DASAR

Inne Marthyanne Pratiwi, Vina Anggia Nastitie Ariawan

Abstract

Abstract: This study is designed to describe the reading difficulties on basic reading within first graders of elementary school. The research used the qualitative approach with case study method. The subject of this study is first graders of elementary school. The data collection were gerenated from observation and interviews. The thematic analysis and the validity of the data were using triangulation and reflexivity. The results showed that the difficulty in basic reading of first graders of elementary school are: (1) inability to identify diphthong, vocal double, and consonant cluster, (2) inability to read a sentence, (3) reading haltingly, (4) inability to mention a few consonants, (5) inability to spell well, (6) reading carelessly, (7) quickly forgeting the word he or she has been spelled, (8) adding and replacing words, (9) long-period of spelling, and (10) inability to read thoroughly.

Keywords: trouble, basic reading, elementary school, spell, ideas, elementary school

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kesulitan membaca permulaan di kelas I SD. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Subjek siswa kelas I. Teknik pengumpulan data observasi dan wawancara. Analisis tematik sedangkan validitas data menggunakan triangulasi dan refleksivitas. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kesulitan dalam membaca permulaan siswa kelas I SD yaitu: (1) belum mampu membaca diftong, vokal rangkap, dan konsonan rangkap, (2) belum mampu membaca kalimat, (3) membaca tersendat-sendat, (4) belum mampu menyebutkan beberapa huruf konsonan, (5) belum bisa mengeja, (6) membaca asal-asalan, (7) cepat lupa kata yang telah diejanya, (8) melakukan penambahan dan penggantian kata, (9) waktu mengeja cukup lama, dan (10) belum mampu membaca dengan tuntas.

Kata kunci: kesulitan, membaca permulaan, sekolah dasar , mengeja, gagasan

Full Text:

PDF

References

Abdurrahman, M. 2012. Anak Berkesulitan Belajar: Teori, Diagnosis, dan Remediasinya. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.

Abidin, Y. 2010. Strategi Membaca Teori dan Pembelajarannya. Bandung: Rizqi Press.

Basuki, A.I. 2011. Profil Pembelajaran Membaca Pemahaman di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Sekolah Dasar Th.20 No.2 Nov 2011, hal 77-85. Malang: Prodi PGSD FIP UM.

Bond, G.L. 1994. Reading Difficulties Their Diagnosis and Correction. Needham Heights: Allyn and Bacon.

Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Marrison, K. 2007. Research in Education Sixth Edition. Newyork: Routledge. Contemporary View. Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs, 13, 7–14.

Creswell, J. W. 2014. Penelitian Kualitatif dan Desain Riset. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.

Creswell, J. W. 2015. Riset Pendidikan: Peren-canaan, Pelaksanaan, dan Evaluasi Riset Kualitatif & Kuantitatif. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.

Curtain, H., Donato, R., & Gilbert, V. 2016. Elementary School Foreign Language Programs in the United States. In Foreign Language Education in America (pp.19-41). Palgrave Macmillan UK.

Dalman. 2014. Keterampilan Membaca. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada.

Denzin, N.K. & Lincoln, Y.S. 2009. Handbook of Qualitative Research. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.

Gillet, J.W. 2012. Understanding Reading Problems Assesment and Instruction Eight Edition. Boston: Pearson.

Granger, L. A. 2016. Encouraging the Use and Activation of Heritage Languages in the Broader Educational System. In Handbook of Research and Practice in Heritage Language Education (pp.1-21). Springer International Publishing.

Hartney, R.N. 2011. Investigating Reading Difficulties in English Second Language of Grade 3 Learners in One Primary School in the Khomas Education Region of Namibia. (Online) (http://wwwisis.unam.na/theses/hartney2011.pdf ) diakses 12 Januari 2017 .

Liu, Y.J. 2008. From Early Childhood Special Education to Special Education Resources Room Identification, Assessment, and Eligibility Determinations for English Language Learners with Reading Related Disabilities. Assessment for Effective Intervention, 33(3):177-187.

Lyon, G., Shaywitz, S. E., & Shaywitz, B. A. 2003. A Definition of Dyslexia. Annals of Dyslexia, 53(1):1–14.

Margono, S. 2014. Metode Penelitian Pendidikan. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.

Mule, K. 2014. Types and Cause of Reading Difficulties Affecting the Reading of English Language: a Caseof 4 Grade Learners in Selected Schools in Ogong Circuit of Namibia. (Online). (http://uninam.na/theses/mule2014.pdf) diakses 2 Februari 2017.

Muslich, M. 2010. Upaya Peningkatan Kemampuan Membaca Permulaan Siswa Kelas I SD dengan Metode Mueller. Jurnal Sekolah Dasar Th.19 No.1: hal 81-90. Malang: Prodi PGSD FIP UM.

Nathan, K. 2006. Reading Difficulties and Social Problems. (Online) (http://www.ir.canterbury.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10092/1339/thesis_fulltext.pdf) diakses 21 Januari 2017.

Petersen, D.B., Alen, M., & Spencer, T.D. 2016. Predicting Reading Difficulty in First Grade Using Dynamic Assesment of Decoding in Early Kindergarten: A Large-Scale Longitudinal Study. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 49(2):200-215.

Rahim, F. 2008. Pengajaran Membaca di Sekolah Dasar. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.

Schleppegrell, M. J. 2016. Content-based language teaching with functional grammar in the elementary school. Language Teaching, 49(1):116-128.

Silverman, R. D., Martin-Beltran, M., Peercy, M. M., Hartranft, A. M., McNeish, D. M., Artzi, L., & Nunn, S. 2017. Effects of a Cross-Age Peer Learning Program on the Vocabulary and Comprehension of English Learners and Non-English Learners in Elementary School. The Elementary School Journal, 117(3), 000-000.

Slavin, E.R. 2014. Membaca Membuka Pintu Dunia Program Success for All Model yang Jelas dan Kuat untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Anak Sekolah Dasar. Edisi kedua. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.

Snowling, M. J. 2013. Early Identification and Interventions for Dyslexia: A

Suharsaputra, U. 2014. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan Tindakan. Bandung: Refika Aditama.

Tarigan, H.G. 2008. Membaca sebagai Suatu Keterampilan Berbahasa. Bandung: Angkasa.

Zubaidah, E. 2013. Kesulitan Membaca Permulaan pada Anak Diagnosa dan Cara Mengatasinya. Yogyakarta: Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um009v26i12017p069