Terapi Okupasi dalam Kemampuan Menulis Permulaan pada Siswa Autis

Abstract

Hambatan belajar siswa autis dalam penelitian ini yaitu dalam menulis permulaan, misalnya menulisnya masih kurang baik, penulisan huruf kurang jelas, belum mengetahui huruf vocal- konsonan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendeskripsikan tentang kemampuan menulis permulaan siswa autis menggunakan terapi okupasi.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Single Subject Reseach (SSR) dengan model desain A-B-A-B. Subjek penelitian menggunakan satu siswa autis kelas 1 di SLB Autis Laboratorium Universitas Negeri Malang. Berdasarkan analisis data diperoleh mean level mulai dari kondisi baseline-1 (A1) sebesar 75,2, pada kondisi intervensi-1 (B1) sebesar 90,8, pada kondisi baseline-2 (A2) sebesar 91,3, dan pada kondisi intervensi-2 (B2) sebesar 91,3. Selain itu, presentase overlap antara kondisi baseline-1 ke kondisi intervensi sebesar 0%. Perhitungan tersebut menyatakan adanya pengaruh variabel bebas (terapi okupasi) terhadap menulis permulaan sebagai target behavior.

Autism is experiencing barriers to learning one of the obstacles to learning autistic students is in writing the beginning, for example writing is still not good, letters written less clear, still don’t know vowels and consonants. This study aims to describe about: 1) autistic student ability before being given intervention using occupational therapy, 2) ability of autistic student after being given intervention using occupational therapy, and 3) influence the beginning on writing skill of occupational therapy. This research is done by Single Subject Reseach (SSR) with ABAB design model. Research subjects used one grade 1 autism student at SLB Autism Laboratory State University of Malang. Based on data analysis, it is obtained the mean level starting from condition of baseline-1 (A1) equal to 75,2, at condition of intervention-1 (B1) equal to 90,8, at condition of baseline-2 (A2) equal to 91,3, and at condition of intervention-2 (B2) equal to 91,3. In addition, an overlap percentage between baseline-1 conditions to an intervention condition of 0%. The calculation states of occupational therapy to the improvement of writing skills as the target behavior.