Pemikiran eugenika di volksraad tahun 1928

Tazkia Kamila Saffanah Irsyad, Awaludin Nugraha, Nyai Kartika

Abstract


Eugenics is a study of various influences in order to obtain good-quality offspring and avoid the birth of poor-quality offsprings. Eugenics ideas had spread in the Dutch East Indies after the establishment of Eugenetische Vereeniging in Nederlandsch-Indië in 1927. The issue of eugenics was also discussed in the Volksraad meeting in 1928 when two of the association members took the initiative to propose a financial subsidy to the government. Using primary sources such as the Volksraad meeting report in 1928 and the association’s periodical in 1928 and 1929, this article aimed to discuss eugenics ideas in the debate that took place in 1928 and how eugenics was related with the effort to maintain colonialism. The debate not only showed the positive potential of eugenics but also its negative aspects. The debate then ended with the government’s rejection of the association’s subsidy application.

Eugenika adalah kajian mengenai berbagai macam pengaruh untuk mendapatkan keturunan berkualitas baik dan menghindari kelahiran anak-anak dengan kualitas gen buruk. Ide-ide eugenika sempat menyebar di Hindia Belanda setelah berdirinya Eugenetische Vereeniging in Nederlandsch-Indië pada tahun 1927. Isu eugenika pun sempat dibahas dengan cukup intens dalam rapat Volksraad tahun 1928 ketika dua orang anggota asosiasi berinisiatif mengajukan subsidi dana kepada pemerintah. Dengan menggunakan sumber primer berupa laporan rapat Volkasraad tahun 1928 dan jurnal publikasi asosiasi tahun 1928 dan 1929, artikel ini berupaya membahas pemikiran eugenika dalam perdebatan yang ada di tahun 1928 dan mengaitkan eugenika dengan usaha mempertahankan kolonialisme. Perdebatan tersebut tidak hanya menunjukkan potensi positif dari eugenika tetapi juga aspek negatifnya. Perdebatan pun berakhir dengan penolakan pemerintah atas pengajuan subsidi dana oleh Eugenetische Vereeniging.

Keywords


eugenika; Eugenetische Vereeniging in Nederlandsch-Indië; Volksraad; kolonialisme

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um020v19i12025p21-39

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