KETIDAKADILAN PERAN GENDER TERHADAP PEREMPUAN DALAM CERITA PENDEK SURAT KABAR MEDIA INDONESIA TAHUN 2017

Abstract

Perempuan secara kultural dipandang memainkan peran gender hanya di ranah domestik, bukan di ranah publik seperti laki-laki. Sementara, peran gender merupakan buah dari kesepakatan sosial berdasar kultur peradaban. Peran gender terbentuk berdasarkan perilaku-perilaku yang dilakukan/diperankan sehingga menciptakan suatu budaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan ketidakadilan peran gender terhadap perempuan dalam cerita pendek surat kabar Media Indonesia 2017. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik analisis isi. Teknik pengambilan sampel penelitian ini menerapkan teknik purposive sampling dimana mengambil teks cerpen yang memuat isu gender dalam surat kabar Media Indonesia tahun 2017. Validitas data memanfaat triangulasi, yaitu triangulasi teori dan triangulasi peneliti. Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut. Cerpen-cerpen yang tersiar di surat kabar Media Indonesia melukiskan ketidakadilan peran gender perempuan berupa stereotip (pelabelan negatif) dan beban kerja yang lebih dominan dibanding laki-laki. Pelabelan negatif (stereotip) tersebut antara lain perempuan mudah menaruh percaya sehingga mudah dirayu-dibodohi, perempuan terlalu emosional menonjolkan perasaan sehingga perempuan mudah terpengaruh suasana untuk membuka diri tanpa berpikir panjang, dan perempuan mudah depresi karena tidak sanggup tertekan. Sementara, beban kerja perempuan lebih dominan di ranah domestic, yaitu perempuan bertanggung jawab penuh dalam mengasuh anak.

Women are culturally seen to play gender roles only in the domestic sphere, not in the public domain like men. Meanwhile, gender roles are social agreement based on the culture of civilization. Gender roles are formed based on behaviors that are performed so as to create a culture. This study aims to describe the unfairness of gender roles towards women in the short story of Media Indonesia newspaper on 2017. This research is a qualitative descriptive study with content analysis techniques. The sampling technique applied a purposive sampling technique in which the short story text contains gender issues in Media Indonesia newspapers. Data validity applied triangulation, namely theory triangulation and researcher triangulation. The results indicates two finding. Short stories published in Media Indonesia newspapers depict the injustice of women's gender roles in the form of stereotypes (negative labeling) and workloads that are more dominant than men. These stereotypes include women who are easy to believe so they are easily seduced, women are too emotional to highlight feelings so that women are easily influenced by the atmosphere to open themselves without thinking, and women are easily depressed because they cannot be depressed. Meanwhile, women's workload is more dominant in the domestic sphere, ie women are fully responsible for taking care of children.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um020v12i22017p109