Analisis Asesmen Self Injurious Behavior pada Anak Autis di SLB Negeri 8 Jakarta

Marisa Chaerani; Suprihatin Suprihatin; Hartini Nara; Mohammad Arif Taboer

doi:10.17977/um031v11i22025p342-346

Analisis Asesmen Self Injurious Behavior pada Anak Autis di SLB Negeri 8 Jakarta

Marisa Chaerani, Suprihatin Suprihatin, Hartini Nara, Mohammad Arif Taboer

Abstract

Self Injurious Behavior (SIB) merupakan tindakan yang dilakukan secara sengaja dan berpotensi melukai diri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui secara rinci terkait frekuensi dan durasi, pola perilaku ABC (Antecedent-Behavior-Consequence) serta fungsi perilaku pada Self Injurious Behavior (SIB) yang dimiliki oleh peserta didik dengan Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) di SLB Negeri 8 Jakarta. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Single Subject Research (SSR) dan desain studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 4 jenis self Injury yang ditemukan, yaitu memukul kepala sebagai perilaku utama, kemudian diikuti dengan menggigit tangan serta ruminasi dan muntah pada saat sesi makan bersama. Sementara fungsi perilaku yang dominan, yaitu berupa perhatian (attention), stimulasi sensorik (sensory) dan terhindar dari instruksi maupun tugas (escape), sedangkan mendapatkan sesuatu (tangible) menjadi fungsi perilaku dengan pengaruh yang relatif rendah. Oleh karena itu, guru perlu mengembangkan program intervensi yang komprehensif berupa modifikasi antecedent, pengajaran perilaku alternatif dan manajemen consequences yang cermat untuk menghindari penguatan terhadap Self Injurious Behavior (SIB).

Keywords

Self Injurious Behavior (SIB); Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um031v11i22025p342-346