Pengembangan Aplikasi Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) untuk Meningkatkan Komunikasi Ekspresif Anak dengan Autisme Berbasis Etnopedagogi

Nilna Uffi Al'azmi, Asri Wijiastuti, Wagino Wagino

Abstract


Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan aplikasi Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) berbasis etnopedaogi guna meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi ekspresif pada anak autis non-verbal. Pendekatan etnopedaogi mengintegrasikan elemen budaya lokal seperti simbol batik, wayang, dan bahasa Jawa untuk membuat aplikasi lebih relevan secara kultural. Metode penelitian menggunakan desain pengembangan (research and development) dengan model ADDIE, melibatkan enam anak autis di SLB Negeri Gedangan, Surabaya. Instrumen pengukuran meliputi Communication Matrix untuk komunikasi ekspresif, kuesioner kepuasan pengguna (skala Likert 1-5), observasi, dan wawancara. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan pada skor Communication Matrix (rata-rata peningkatan 7,5 poin, p < 0,001 berdasarkan Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test) dan tingkat kepuasan tinggi (rata-rata 4,2-4,5). Temuan kualitatif mengonfirmasi bahwa simbol budaya lokal meningkatkan keterlibatan anak. Diskusi menyoroti peran etnopedaogi sebagai katalis pembelajaran, sejalan dengan teori identitas budaya. Kesimpulan menyatakan bahwa aplikasi ini efektif dan dapat direplikasi di konteks pendidikan khusus Indonesia.

Keywords


AAC; autisme; etnopedaogi; komunikasi ekspresif; budaya lokal

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um031v11i22025p397-401

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