Analisis Materi Peran Radio Pemberontakan pada Pertempuran Surabaya Tahun 1945 dan Penerapannya dalam Pembelajaran Sejarah

Abstract

The Radio Pemberontakan (Rebellion Radio) holds many values of struggle that can serve as lessons. One example is the reason Bung Tomo established Radio Pemberontakan. This radio served as a tool for the youth of Surabaya to unite their spirit in defending independence. Interestingly, Radio Pemberontakan was established through self-will, determination, and personal capability, reflecting the spirit of independence. Unfortunately, topics related to Radio Pemberontakan are still rarely explored in history education at schools due to the broad range of topics covered in the material on efforts to defend Indonesia’s independence, including both physical and diplomatic struggles. This study aims to understand the role of Radio Pemberontakan in the 1945 Battle of Surabaya and its application to history education. The role of Radio Pemberontakan is significant and should be taught in greater detail, especially in schools around Surabaya, along with the values embedded in each event. The study uses a historical research method comprising five stages: topic selection, heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The research findings show that Radio Pemberontakan played an essential role during the Battle of Surabaya. It broadcasted information such as announcements from rebellion leaders, updates from the battlefield, and commentary from both domestic and international sources. Moreover, Radio Pemberontakan symbolized independence in the struggle, a value relevant to the goals of history education: developing self and national understanding, fostering moral and environmental values, and shaping Indonesian students to be independent and proud of their nation’s history. Therefore, the role of Radio Pemberontakan should be taught to students. By understanding the spirited and independent struggle of Surabaya’s youth, students can appreciate the fight to defend Indonesia’s independence. This is crucial in instilling pride and love for the nation’s history.